What is IP Address ??

Many of you have heard the term IP or IP Address in many places, specially while hacking. So frnzz, in this post, i want to tell you about this important term: IP Address....

As  per WIKIPEDIA, " Internet Protocol address (IP address) is a numerical label assigned to each device (e.g., computer, printer) participating in a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol for communication." It is a unique 16-digit number (for IPv4) or a 16-digit alphanumeric code (for IPv6) which is unique for every computer connected in internet.        

In the early stages of development of the Internet Protocol, network administrators interpreted an IP address in two parts: network number portion and host number portion. The highest order octet (most significant eight bits) in an address was designated as the network number and the remaining bits were called the rest field or host identifier and were used for host numbering within a network.

But now, IP address has been classified on the basis of classes.The first three bits of the most significant octet of an IP address were defined as the class of the address. Three classes (A, B, and C) were defined for universal unicast addressing. Depending on the class derived, the network identification was based on octet boundary segments of the entire address. Each class used successively additional octets in the network identifier, thus reducing the possible number of hosts in the higher order classes (B and C). The following table gives an overview of this now obsolete system.

Class	Leading bits in address (binary)	Range of first octet (decimal)	Network ID format	Host ID format	Number of networks	Number of addresses per network
A	0	0–127	a	b.c.d	27 = 128	224 = 16777216
B	10	128–191	a.b	c.d	214 = 16384	216 = 65536
C	110	192–223	a.b.c	d	221 = 2097152	28 = 256

Source: Wikipedia

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Nmap: Your Network Scanner

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Hey frnzz, der's a nice tool for many of you treasure hunters..... Nmap.....

Its a software which does many useful works:

• Host discovery - Identifying hosts on a network. For example, listing the hosts which respond to pings or have a particular port open.
• Port scanning - Enumerating the open ports on one or more target hosts.
• Version detection - Interrogating listening network services listening on remote devices to determine the application name and version number.
• OS detection - Remotely determining the operating system and hardware characteristics of network devices.
• Scriptable interaction with the target - using Nmap Scripting Engine (NSE) and Lua programming language, customized queries can be made.

In addition to these, Nmap can provide further information on targets, including reverse DNS names, device types, and MAC addresses.

Using this tool, you can discover many new things on your network like the open ports, your server ip etc etc....

Nmap was actually created as a command line interface. But now, its GUI form is also available, Zenmap.

I'm telling you some basic commands for nmap CUI:

• For target specifications:

nmap <targets' URL's or IP's with spaces between them (can also

use CIDR notation)> 
e.g. : scanme.nmap.org, gnu.org/24, 192.168.0.1; 10.0.0-255.1-254

(The command is nmap scanme.nmap.org and similar)

• For OS detection:

nmap -O <target-host's URL or IP>

• For Version detection:

nmap -sV <target-host's URL or IP>

• For configuring response timings (-T0 to -T5 :increasing in aggressiveness):

nmap -T0 -sV -O <target-host's URL or IP>

These commands can be used in linux systems as GUI may be not available for linux.

Get Nmap from Here.....

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So friends, find the best use of this tool and enjoy.....


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Some Firefox Keyboard Shortcuts for you

 

 Hey frnz, today I am sharing with you some of the keyboard shortcuts that are frequently used by us while browsing.
 

1. Press CTRL + L to directly go to the address bar.
2. Press Spacebar to scroll down the page.
3. Press Shift + Spacebar for quickly scrolling up.
4. Use CTRL + T to open a New Tab
5. Use CTRL + W to close the Tab
6. Press CTRL + D to bookmark a site you have opened.
7. To find something in web page press CTRL + F.

Different Ports of Mac & PCs...

 

Configure Firefox to use with SSH tunnel

 
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We are using Firefox because it is more compatible with SOCKS proxy than any other browser. If you don't have Mozilla Firefox, then download it with the following link:

Get Firefox

First of all, create an SSH tunnel using putty. See below link for how to configure PuTTY to create SSH tunnel:

Create SSH Tunnel using PuTTY

Now, open Mozilla FireFox.

Then, Click on 'Tools' at the menu bar and then select 'Options'.

Now, click on the 'Advanced' tab and then click 'Network' Tab.

Then on the 'Connection' box, click on the 'Settings' button.

Select 'Manual proxy configuration:' and enter 127.0.0.1 on the box where it says 'SOCKS Host:'.

Now, enter the port which you have used as your local port while creating a tunnel. ( 8080 in the previous tutorial).

Click 'OK' buttons .

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Now, in the browser address bar, type about:config and press ENTER. This opens different preferences of Firefox.

On the 'Search' bar, type network.proxy.socks. The list will automatically filter as you type in.

Now, right click on  network.proxy.socks_remote_dns and select 'Toggle' from the menu to change its value to true. This will prevent DNS queries from leaking and therefore adding privacy.

Now close Firefox and Restart it, and its done.....

Enjoy surfing using SSH Tunneling.....

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Access Blocked sites using SSH Tunneling

In many school and college networks, there are many websites blocked having facebook as a common one....
In this post, I m telling how you can access that blocked sites using PuTTY as an SSH client.

PuTTY is an SSH client. You can use it to access a remote CLI, or you can use it to set up a tunnel — and that’s what we’re going to do now...

First, download PuTTY (putty.exe). It’s a free, standalone program that doesn’t require installation — so just make a shortcut on your desktop.

Next, you need a Linux or Unix server to be as your host server, throught which you will access net. You can use a free one (which might involve you jumping through a few hoops to get an account activated), or you can rent a cheap Linux Server for some rupees. Either way, you need an SSH account on a remote server, and the IP address and port that you need to connect to.

Now open putty and enter the server name or ip address and the port on which the server will listen on the specified fields. Make sure SSH is selected on the connection type. It should look something like this:

In the left-hand panel, navigate through Connection > SSH > Tunnels (see below). Enter any port(more than 1003, here 8080 is used) in the Source Port box and select the Dynamic radio button. Click Add and “D8080 (or your entered port)″ will appear in the Forwarded Ports list.

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Now move back to session in the navigation panel, type any name in the sessions box and click save to save your setting. Now, click Open at the bottom of the PuTTY and a new window will pop up asking for your login name; type it in and press Enter. Type your password in and press Enter.

Yeeeeeaaaaaaaaaaaahhhhhhhh!!!!!! Now you have created an SSH Tunnel....

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